ISTP-AD (Virtuoso Dark Confidence) Love & Career Guide

Good at manual work and able to calmly handle problems when they arise.
If this sounds like you, you might be an ISTP-AD type.
You’re often told by others “you’re skillful,” and you like to proceed with things in your own way.
But sometimes you might struggle with expressing emotions, don’t you?

“I want to be free, but I also want to value connections with people”
You may have felt this kind of conflict before.

In this article, we’ll discuss the attractive characteristics of ISTP-AD and some of the challenges you might face.
Whether you want to know more about yourself or understand someone important to you,
you’re sure to find discoveries that resonate with your heart.

Once again, personality researcher and author of Villain Encyclopedia, Tokiwa (@etokiwa999), will provide the explanation.
※We have developed the HEXACO-JP Personality Assessment! It has more scientific basis than MBTI. Tap below for details.

Overview of HEXACO

What is HEXACO

There is a new psychological model called “HEXACO” that can help you understand your personality more deeply.
It reveals aspects that weren’t visible in conventional personality analysis.
Its characteristic is expressing the depth of the human mind through six elements.
The six letters H・E・X・A・C・O each represent different aspects of personality.

Let’s look at these six elements:

• H: Honesty-Humility
• E: Emotionality
• X: eXtraversion
• A: Agreeableness
• C: Conscientiousness
• O: Openness

You might think “Another new analysis method?”
However, HEXACO has a significant difference.
The addition of the new perspective of “Honesty-Humility” has made more detailed personality understanding possible.
Your own complex inner self can now be understood more accurately.

What is HEXACO? Overview, Genetics, Diagnosis & MBTI Relations

64 Classifications by HEXACO

Classification into 64 types based on high or low levels of each of the 6 elements. Specifically, these are:

• H: Honesty-Humility
  • High → Light (L: Light)
  • Low → Dark (D: Dark)
• E: Emotionality
  • High → Turbulent (T: Turbulence)
  • Low → Assertive (A: Assertiveness)
• X: eXtraversion
  • High → Extroverted (E: Extrovert)
  • Low → Introverted (I: Introvert)
• A: Agreeableness
  • High → Feeling (F: Feeling)
  • Low → Thinking (T: Thinking)
• C: Conscientiousness
  • High → (J: Judging)
  • Low → (P: Prospecting)
• O: Openness
  • High → Intuitive (N: iNtuitive)
  • Low → Sensing (S: Sensor)

These are connected like 16personalities to express types. Now let’s introduce each type!

What is ISTP-A (Virtuoso・Assertive)?

ISTP-A is a type with low extraversion (I), low openness (S), low agreeableness (T), low conscientiousness (P), and low neuroticism (A) in the Big Five.

• High adaptability and problem-solving ability
• Practical skills and manual dexterity
• Logical thinking and calm judgment
• Confident independence
• Flexibility and adventurous spirit

They excel at finding creative and efficient solutions to concrete problems. They focus on the present moment and value practical experience.

In interpersonal relationships, they value personal space while cooperating when necessary. They welcome change and new challenges, and have high stress tolerance, allowing them to respond calmly even in crisis situations. They have strong self-efficacy and believe in their own abilities.

ISTP-A (Virtuoso Assertive) Explained Scientifically

Characteristics of ISTP-AD

Characteristic ① “An explorer who understands through hands-on experience”

Aren’t you the type who “moves your hands before thinking”?
You’re better at understanding by actually touching rather than reading theories or instruction manuals.
If you can relate to such experiences, that’s exactly an ISTP-AD characteristic.

During meetings where long discussions continue, you may have thought:

• “Why don’t we just try it instead of talking?”
• “If I disassemble this machine, I’ll understand how it works”
• “Dangerous? That actually sounds exciting”

Like a modern-day explorer, you don’t fear stepping into unknown territory.
Your dexterity might be described by others as magical.
Even complex problems become like puzzle pieces that you can solve.

However, expressing emotions in words is a different story.
When told “talk about your feelings,” you might feel a bit troubled.
But that’s because you’re the type who shows affection and compassion through actions.

This practice-focused attitude sometimes generates ideas that aren’t bound by conventional wisdom.
The question “Why must it be done that way?” is one of your great strengths.

Characteristic ② “Lighthouse-like confidence that remains unwavering even in storms”

Don’t you often feel that “it’s faster to do it alone”?
While you understand intellectually that teamwork is important, you tend to want to proceed at your own pace.
This independent spirit of yours is actually a great strength.

Your confidence shines in situations like:

• Calmness that remains unshaken even in emergencies
• Inner strength that doesn’t get swayed by others’ opinions
• Challenging spirit that doesn’t fear failure

When there’s a blackout and everything goes dark, while others panic, you calmly look for a flashlight.
You’re the kind of person people can rely on in such scenes.
You could be described as a lighthouse that remains unwavering even in storms.

Stress and anxiety might actually be stimulating for you.
The optimism of “things will work out somehow” and the confidence that “I can do it” become the power to overcome difficult situations.
This trait is extremely valuable in today’s rapidly changing society.

However, sometimes people around you might feel “I wish they would consult with us more.”
Remember that your confidence can sometimes appear dogmatic.
But that’s also a reflection of your high judgment abilities.

Characteristic ③ “Innovative thinking that changes form like water”

Have you ever questioned, “Are rules really necessary?”
You who find more efficient methods rather than following predetermined procedures.
This flexible thinking is one of the most interesting characteristics of ISTP-AD.

Situations where your flexibility is demonstrated:

• Choosing “optimal methods” over “doing as prescribed”
• Not fearing judgment in gray zones
• Flexibly changing means while focusing on results

For example, when stuck in traffic.
While everyone is getting irritated, you find an alternative route and arrive at your destination gracefully.
You’re often surprised with “How did you know that road?”

This trait becomes a powerful weapon in innovation and creative problem-solving.
Because you’re not bound by existing frameworks, you can generate new solutions.
You could be described as having water-like thinking that can freely change form.

However, this flexibility can sometimes create friction with others.
You might be puzzled by voices saying “be more careful” or “rules should be followed.”
But your innovative ideas have the power to change the times.

Strengths and Weaknesses of ISTP-AD

Strengths of ISTP-AD

Your hands are like magic hands that can fix anything.
Broken machines, complex problems – they mysteriously get solved when you handle them.
Your practical abilities make you a truly reliable presence for those around you.

The wonderful talents you possess:

• Technical sense that intuitively understands mechanisms
• Adaptability that quickly adjusts to change
• Mental strength that remains unshaken by pressure

You might be like a modern-day Leonardo da Vinci.
Creating with your hands, innovating with your mind.
In emergencies, everyone relies on you, and you’ll hear voices saying “Amazing!”

Additionally, your adventurous spirit enriches your life.
Your curiosity for new experiences constantly brings opportunities for growth.
You have the magnanimity to accept even failures as “interesting learning experiences.”

This independent thinking ability also shines in leadership situations.
Rather than following someone else, you’re better at carving your own path.
That figure is as reliable as an explorer advancing through uncharted territory.

Your practical skills and creativity are exactly what modern society needs most.

ISTP-AD Weaknesses (Misunderstood Strengths)

Have you ever felt a bit troubled when someone said “Tell me how you feel”?
You’re good at making and fixing things with your hands, but putting your inner thoughts into words is a different matter.
You might sometimes feel frustrated with yourself about this.

Points you tend to struggle with:

• Difficulty expressing emotions in words
• Being so focused on “now” that thinking ahead becomes difficult
• Acting on impulse and facing troubles later

Even when lovers or family say “talk to me more,” you don’t know how to express yourself.
In such times, you might be misunderstood as a “cold person.”
But it’s not that you don’t feel affection.

Also, when you find something interesting, you tend to jump in impulsively.
From the perspective of planning-oriented people, they might worry and say “think it through a bit more.”
You might struggle with long-term goal setting and feel lost about career direction.

Your free-thinking approach is wonderful, but sometimes harmony with others is also important.
Your tendency to disregard “common sense” and “manners” requires attention.
However, all these challenges are also “room for growth.”

ISTP-AD Romantic Relationship Tendencies and Improvement Strategies

ISTP-AD Romantic Tendencies

Have you ever felt the complex emotion of “I don’t want to be constrained, but I want to be loved”?
Your romance has a beauty like that of a free bird.
You tend to express affection through actions rather than words, through feelings rather than logic.

Characteristics of your romantic style:

• Prefer relationships that respect each other’s freedom
• Express affection through physical touch and shared experiences
• Somewhat uncomfortable with deep emotional conversations

On dates, rather than quietly spending time at a museum, you prefer creating or experiencing something together.
Holding hands while walking, leaning shoulders together.
Through such natural contact, you express your own way of showing affection.

When someone says “let’s talk about the future,” you might feel a bit puzzled.
For you who values the happiness of this very moment, promises about the distant future can feel heavy.
But that’s because you’re someone who treasures the “now.”

Recognizing your partner’s emotional needs can sometimes feel difficult.
You might be confused, wondering “what are they asking of me?”

Your romance has a unique style that values freedom and real experiences.

Ideal Partner Personality: 3 Traits for Lasting Love

When ISTP-AD Romance Becomes Problematic and Improvement Strategies

Have you been troubled by being told “I want you to share your feelings more”?
Even though you think you’re showing affection in your own way, it’s not getting through to your partner.
Such misunderstandings are the difficult part of ISTP-AD romance.

Common problems and hints for solutions:

• Can’t put emotions into words → Start with “happy” and “thank you”
• Tend to avoid future promises → Start with small promises gradually
• Don’t understand partner’s feelings → Develop the habit of asking “How did you feel?”

Practicing emotional expression is like learning a new skill.
Even if it feels embarrassing at first, try starting with simple words like “today was fun” or “I feel at peace when I’m with you.”
Your honest feelings will surely resonate with your partner.

Big decisions like “marriage” or “living together” are certainly heavy matters.
But you’d be fine with “next month’s trip” or “this coming weekend,” right?
By accumulating small promises, your mutual trust will deepen as well.

The key to understanding your partner’s emotions starts with “listening.”
Before offering solutions, try creating time to just listen to them.
Your kindness will surely reach your partner too.

Emotional growth will make your romance richer.

MBTI & Love: All 16 Types’ Romantic Traits Explained

ISTP-AD Friendship Tendencies and Improvement Strategies

Friendship Tendencies

Don’t you prefer relationships where you “are there when needed” rather than “staying in touch every day”?
Your friendship has a comfortable distance like that between old friends.
Rather than clingy relationships, you value free friendships where you respect each other.

Characteristics of your friendships:

• Prefer relationships with appropriate distance
• Deepen bonds by creating or experiencing things together
• Want to share fun times rather than serious conversations

You shine brightest with friends when doing DIY projects together or exploring new places.
When someone says “I found an interesting place,” your eyes probably light up.
Building bonds through shared experiences, beyond words, is your style.

You might feel a bit confused when friends come to you with serious problems.
You may think “I don’t know how to give advice.”
But your very presence serves as emotional support for your friends.

Frequent contact or overly close involvement can sometimes feel suffocating.
You might say “maybe next time” and create some distance.
But when it really matters, you’re there for them – that’s your kind of friendship.

How Personality Type Shapes Friendship Quality & Formation

When Problems Arise in Friendships and Solutions

Have you ever been startled when a friend said “You haven’t contacted me lately”?
The distance that feels natural to you might feel “cold” to others.
This temperature difference can sometimes create cracks in friendships.

Common challenges in friendships and tips for improvement:

• Distance gap → Sometimes reach out first yourself
• Lack of communication → Show interest with short messages
• Struggling with emotional support → Just being there is enough

Caring for friends is like watering plants.
Even if not daily, just sending a “How are you?” when you remember moistens the relationship.
Your natural, authentic kindness is sufficient.

When friends are down, perfect advice isn’t necessary.
Just empathizing with “That must have been tough” and being there provides emotional support.
Sometimes, creating or experiencing something together becomes the best healing.

To deepen surface-level relationships, try gradually sharing about yourself.
Sharing personal experiences like “Actually, this happened to me” makes friendships richer.
Your straightforwardness appears fresh and appealing to friends.

Emotional growth will make your friendships even deeper.

MBTI & Friendship: 16 Types’ Tendencies & Tips

ISTP-AD’s Parenting Tendencies and Improvement Strategies

Parenting Tendencies

You find immense joy in creating things or going on adventures with your children.
Your parenting style is like being a reliable adventure companion.
In today’s world of overprotection, you’re a valuable presence that fosters children’s independence.

Attractive characteristics of your parenting:

• Free exploration that values children’s curiosity
• Emphasis on practical skill acquisition through hands-on activities
• Tolerant supervision with the attitude “failure is also experience”

When children start taking apart machines asking “How does this work?”, you explore the mechanisms together rather than getting angry.
When they say “I want to climb that tree” at the park, you let them try while ensuring safety.
Your parenting maximizes children’s potential.

You’re also good at naturally teaching practical skills through crafts and cooking.
With a “let’s try it” attitude, you take on new challenges together with your children.
This experiential education simultaneously builds children’s confidence and abilities.

However, you might struggle a bit with emotional involvement like “How do you feel?”
When children are crying, you might try to logically solve the reason and create more confusion.
But your practical love definitely reaches your children’s hearts.

Ideal Parent Personality Traits: What 30 Studies Reveal

When Problems Arise in Parenting and Solutions

When children cry, do you ask “Why are you sad?” to understand the reason?
Have you had such experiences?
For you who tries to understand logically, children’s emotional storms can sometimes be confusing.

Parenting challenges and warm solutions:

• Insufficient emotional response → First accept with “I see how that was”
• Lack of consistency in approach → Share parenting views with your partner
• Too free environment → Make basic rules clear at least

The key to empathizing with children’s emotions is to “accept” rather than “understand” first.
Simply empathizing with “You were sad” or “You were scared” makes children feel secure.
Hugs and physical affection are non-verbal expressions of love you’re good at, so use them actively.

Making decisions based on momentary moods creates anxiety for children.
Maintain consistency with minimum rules about “dangerous things” and “bothering others.”
If you explain the reasons too, children can understand your rational thinking.

Please also cherish your child’s emotional growth.
When reading picture books together, think about “How do you think the main character is feeling?” or discuss emotions while watching movies.
In your own way, please watch over your child’s emotional development as well.

MBTI & Parenting: All 16 Types’ Strengths & Pitfalls

ISTP-AD Career Tendencies and Improvement Strategies

Career Tendencies

Have you ever considered changing jobs because you felt “repeating the same things is boring”?
Your career tends to trace a path like an adventurer.
Your heart that seeks stimulation over stability and change over routine also influences your career choices.

Characteristics of careers where you can shine:

• Demonstrating skills in hands-on technical work
• Project-based work with different challenges every day
• Highly independent environments where you can work at your own pace

You’re suited for jobs like engineer, craftsperson, or designer where you actually create something.
You also excel in maintenance jobs where you look forward to work thinking “I wonder what will break today?” or in emergency response situations.
Your problem-solving abilities truly shine in such scenarios.

Freelancing or entrepreneurship are also well-suited paths for you.
This is because making your own judgments and taking action suits you better than waiting for someone else’s instructions.
Your adventurous spirit that doesn’t fear risk often leads to success in new fields.

However, you get troubled when asked “Where do you want to be in 10 years?”
You tend to get absorbed in interesting projects right in front of you and forget about long-term career planning.
But this is also proof that you’re living each “moment” to the fullest.

Which Personality Traits Predict Career Success? 5 Key Findings

When Career Issues Arise and Improvement Strategies

Have you ever had trouble answering when asked “What are your future plans?” in an interview?
Your “I’ll think about it when the time comes” stance is a manifestation of flexibility, but it can sometimes become a hindrance in career development.
However, with a little effort, this challenge can be overcome.

Career challenges and practical solutions:

• Difficulty with long-term planning → Start with medium-term goals of about 3 years
• Difficulty building relationships → Build trust through skills first, then deepen relationships
• Discomfort with organizational rules → Understand why those rules exist

Career planning is like making a map.
Even if your final destination is vague, you can at least decide on the next three towns (3-year goals).
Try setting specific skill goals like “I want to acquire this technology” or “I want to be recognized in this field.”

For workplace relationships, building trust through technology and achievements first is your natural approach.
After being recognized as a “reliable person,” you can gradually deepen personal interactions.
You don’t need to force yourself to be sociable.

When you feel uncomfortable with organizational rules, first try to think “Why?”
Rules that seem meaningless might have reasons related to safety or efficiency.
If you can understand them, you can comply with conviction, and if they’re truly irrational, you can propose improvements.

By having a long-term perspective, your talents will bloom even more magnificently.

MBTI & Career: Best Jobs for All 16 Personality Types

ISTP-AD Work Tendencies and Improvement Strategies

Work Tendencies

Have you ever surprised those around you by suggesting “Let’s try it first” in a meeting?
Your work style is like that of a skilled craftsperson with a practice-first approach.
You’re better at finding solutions by actually getting your hands dirty rather than worrying about theory.

Strengths you demonstrate at work:

• Intuitively understanding complex problems and solving them efficiently
• Calm and composed response ability even in emergencies
• Flexibility to quickly adapt to change

When a system suddenly crashes, while everyone else panics, you calmly begin troubleshooting.
You learn how to operate new software faster by touching it rather than reading the manual.
Seeing you like this, your colleagues surely feel you are “reliable.”

Even when project direction changes, you can tackle it positively thinking “This sounds interesting.”
This adaptability is a very valuable trait in today’s rapidly changing business environment.
Having someone like you probably increases the overall stability of the team.

However, you might be somewhat weak at long meetings or detailed planning.
Your sense that “If we try it, we’ll understand rather than just talking” is correct, but it’s sometimes hard for others to understand.
But your ability to execute is exactly what many organizations are looking for.

5 Personality Traits of High Performers: 550K Study

When Problems Arise at Work and Solutions

Have you ever been asked “Why didn’t you consult us?” in team meetings?
Your independent decisions that felt efficient to you may appear to team members as “lacking cooperation.”
This gap in perception can sometimes make workplace relationships difficult.

Workplace challenges and practical approaches for improvement:

• Teamwork challenges → Develop a habit of consulting before important decisions
• Difficulty with planning → Switch to a method of accumulating short-term goals
• Lack of emotional consideration → Consciously observe colleagues’ expressions and reactions

Improving teamwork is like learning to play in an orchestra.
Just adding phrases like “Let me check this” or “What do you think?” transforms a solo performance into ensemble playing.
You can still utilize your judgment skills while achieving harmony with the team.

Long-term planning is indeed difficult, but you can set short-term goals, right?
Try breaking things down into smaller chunks like “By the end of this week” or “Complete this by the end of next month.”
Before you know it, even large projects will be completed.

Consideration for colleagues’ emotions can start with simply observing their facial expressions.
If you see someone looking troubled, just asking “Are you okay?” can improve relationships.
Showing interest is more important than giving perfect advice.

Developing balanced skills will make your work more fulfilling.

MBTI & Work: All 16 Types’ Strengths, Pitfalls & Fixes

Compatible Types: People with S

Don’t you feel relieved when you’re with people who share the “practice over theory” mindset?
With fellow S-type (Sensing) people, there’s a natural understanding as if you speak the same language.
Compatibility with ESTP (Adventurous Doers) and ISFP (Gentle Artists) is especially excellent.

The appeal of time spent with ESTP:

• You can explore new places together and enjoy activities
• Share the “let’s just try it” mindset
• Build relationships that respect each other’s freedom

Peaceful compatibility with ISFP:

• Share values that cherish the present moment
• Your practical skills beautifully harmonize with their creativity
• Build natural, unstressed relationships

You’ll also enjoy wonderful times with ESFP (Bright Peacemakers).
Their sociability will take you to new worlds, while your calmness provides them with peace.
Times spent cooking together or exchanging handmade gifts are particularly special.

Things to keep in mind in relationships with S-types:

• Sometimes value emotional conversations too
• Occasionally discuss each other’s futures
• Find opportunities to cooperate while maintaining independence

Relationships between S-types will be practical, stimulating, and wonderful.

Do Friends Share Personality Traits? 5 Key Findings

Compatible Types: People with D

Do you ever feel resonance with the “results are everything” mindset?
With people who share the same D-type characteristics as you, you can share values that emphasize efficiency and practicality.
Combinations with ENTJ (Natural Leaders) and INTJ (Strategic Thinkers) tend to create mutually elevating relationships.

Powerful partnership with ENTJ:

• An ideal relationship where you realize their vision through your practical skills
• Cooperation toward the common goal of “achieving results”
• Similar sensibilities that value efficiency and dislike waste

Intellectual stimulation with INTJ:

• Their strategic thinking gives direction to your actions
• Comfortable distance that understands and doesn’t interfere with each other’s independence
• Peace of mind from sharing logical judgment criteria

Relationships with ESTJ (Honest Administrators) also become interesting.
When their organizational management abilities combine with your problem-solving skills, very efficient teamwork emerges.
The attitude of constantly thinking “what is most effective” becomes the foundation for mutual understanding.

Points to be careful about in relationships with D-types:

• When making decisions, take into account the impact on society
• Don’t forget to consider people’s feelings, not just efficiency
• Sometimes compromise and respect the other person’s position

Relationships between D-types will produce efficient and innovative excellent results.

MBTI Compatibility: Best Matches for All 16 Types

ISTP-AD Summary

You are the “practical problem solver” that modern society needs most.
Creating with your hands, innovating with your mind, and acting with your heart.
That unique sense of balance is ISTP-AD’s greatest charm.

Your wonderful characteristics:

• The power to turn any difficulty into an “interesting challenge”
• Free thinking and action without being bound
• Adaptability and adventurous spirit that doesn’t fear change

You are like a modern Leonardo da Vinci.
You freely use technology and art, logic and intuition.
In emergencies, you become a reliable leader, and in normal times, you act as a free creator.

Points to keep in mind for growth:

• Accumulate small practices of expressing emotions in words
• Have a medium to long-term perspective by combining short-term goals
• Try to discover the “joy of cooperation”

Those who are compatible with you are S-type people who value practice and D-type people who value efficiency.
You’ll be able to build relationships where you can make the most of each other’s strengths.

While cherishing your “true self,” gradually growing emotionally as well.
Such balanced development will enrich your life.
Your unique talents have the power to make this world a better place.

FAQや注意点

HAXACOの結果と、16personalities（通称MBTI診断）やMBTI（本家）と結果が変わる

1. 性格は遺伝と環境の影響を受けるため、環境が変われば回答も変わります（例、疲れてると情動性が変化するなど）。遺伝について詳しくはこちら。
2. 年齢次第で回答のブレがあります。詳しくはこちら。
3. タイプ分類は各数値が3以上、3未満で行っているため、3に近い値だと、質問の聞き方やその時の環境次第で結果が変わりやすくなります。タイプよりも数値を見てください。
4. MBTI（本家）や16personalities（通称MBTI診断）は質問設計の段階でどの程度統計的な処理をしているか論文が見当たらないため不明確です。一方で、ビッグファイブやHEXACOはそういった論文が簡単に見つかりますし、今回のHEXACO-JP診断は論文ベースです。
5. MBTIや16personalitiesは普段の行動（学力・年収など）や、脳・遺伝などとの比較した研究論文があまり多くない一方で、ビッグファイブやHEXACOは数多く存在します。
6. そもそもHEXACOはビッグファイブの要素の変形なので似て非なるものです。HEXACOの正直・謙虚さは、ビッグファイブの協調性と神経症傾向から抽出されています。下記「補足」参考。

その他にもご質問があれば運営者のトキワ（@etokiwa999）までご連絡ください。

性格診断の結果はあくまで人生の「ヒント」まで

先にも書きましたが、性格は遺伝と環境の影響を受けます。遺伝の影響で、ブレ幅は一定ですが、環境次第である程度答えがブレます。

またビッグファイブやHEXACOの研究論文では学力や年収などと相関分析をしていますが、自然科学の実験ほど大きな相関係数ではありません。相関係数は最小-1、最大1ですが、だいたい-0.4～0.4ほどが多いです。もちろん高いものもあります。0.8や0.9ではなく、それに比べたら低いです。

ただそれでも様々な研究はありますので、「占い以上、自然科学未満」と思ってください。心理学や占いを100％否定しているわけではありません。

補足

16personalities（通称MBTI診断）の概要

16personalities（16タイプ性格診断）は、MBTI（Myers-Briggs Type Indicator）とビッグファイブをベースにして作られています。

厳密には16personalitiesとMBTIは別物なのです。

MBTIは、ユングの心理学的類型論を基に開発された性格診断ツールです。

16personalitiesはMBTIの4つの指標（E外向-I内向、S感覚-N直観、T思考-F感情、J判断-P知覚）を採用しつつ、アイデンティティ（AとT）という指標の追加、独自の質問項目・評価基準を設けています。

この性格診断の良いところとしては、韓国アイドルが広めたり、恋愛マッチングアプリでも使われたりするなど、とても有名で、回答数がとても多いことにあります。それを利用して分析して論文として公開すれば信頼性は高いかもしれません。

ただし、悪いところとしては、科学的な裏付けが弱いところがあります。査読付き論文の数が少ない、統計処理の方法が不明確、性格と学力・収入・脳機能・遺伝的要因などとの関連性について十分な根拠が提示されていない、などが理由です。

16personalitiesとは？科学的根拠やMBTIとの違いを解説

MBTI（本家）の概要

MBTIは性格を16タイプに分類する心理学の理論です。

そもそもMBTIとは、マイヤーズ・ブリッグス・タイプ・インジケーター（Myers-Briggs Type Indicator）の略称です。

MBTIでは、以下の4つの指標を組み合わせて性格を16タイプに分類します。

• 外向性（Extraversion）か内向性（Introversion）
• 感覚（Sensing）か直観（iNtuition）
• 思考（Thinking）か感情（Feeling）
• 判断（Judging）か知覚（Perceiving）

つまり、MBTIでは自分の性格傾向を「ISTJ」や「ENFP」などの4文字で表現するのです。

16personalitiesよりは論文は存在しますが、ビッグファイブやHEXACOほど頑健な研究結果が出ているわけではありません。

MBTIとは？16タイプ性格紹介(恋愛や仕事)・科学的根拠を解説

ビッグファイブの概要

性格心理学において最も有力な特性理論の一つが「ビッグファイブ（Big Five）」です。

ビッグファイブは、開放性、誠実性、外向性、協調性、神経症傾向の5つの特性を測定します。

また、16personalitiesやMBTIはタイプ分類（例、外向的か内向的かのどちらか）を用いるのに対して、ビッグファイブが特性を連続的な数値で評価する（例、外向性3.5）点も大きな違いです。

さらに、古くから研究されており、論文数も多く、学力や所得、脳や遺伝など、他の分野でも多くの研究が行われています。ビッグファイブの方が比較的、科学的な裏付けが強いと言えます。

ビッグファイブ(Big Five)診断とは？概要・遺伝・MBTIとの関連

MBTI・ビッグファイブ・HEXACOの相関関係

MBTIの4指標とビッグファイブの5因子には相関関係があります。

この相関を示した代表的な研究に、「The relationship between the revised NEO-Personality Inventory and the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator」という論文があります。

また、MBTI（本家）とビッグファイブを参考にして作られた16personalities（通称MBTI診断）では、ビッグファイブの神経症傾向が「アイデンティティ」と呼ばれており、自信（Assertive）か、慎重（Turbulent）かで分類されています。

これらの関係をまとめたのが以下の図です。

一番右には、比較的新しい性格診断である「HEXACO（ヘキサコ）」があります。ビッグファイブに1つ指標「正直・謙虚さ」を加えて改良され、ダーク特性（倫理観）が分かるようになりました。

今回のHEXACO-JP性格診断では16personalitiesの5文字に加えて、ダークD/ライトLを付けてより詳細に分析できるようにしています。