ESTJ-AD Executive Confident Dark: Love & Career Guide

Have you ever found yourself saying “Let’s reach a conclusion first” in a meeting, while deep down thinking “But is this really the best approach?”
If you’re an ESTJ-AD, you might recognize this complex state of mind.
While others see you as a confident leader, you actually struggle between efficiency and results.
Your ability to create perfect plans and lead teams is a wonderful talent.
But sometimes you may worry “Am I leaving everyone’s feelings behind?”

In this article, we’ll empathize with that inner voice of yours while explaining in detail the characteristics of ESTJ-AD and their tendencies in love and work.
You might find hints that answer the question “How can I shine while being true to myself?”
Shall we explore the world of ESTJ-AD together?

Once again, personality researcher and author of Villain Encyclopedia, Tokiwa (@etokiwa999), will provide the explanation.
※We have developed the HEXACO-JP Personality Assessment! It has more scientific basis than MBTI. Tap below for details.

Overview of HEXACO

What is HEXACO

“HEXACO” is a new tool that allows you to understand your personality more deeply.
It reveals aspects that traditional personality analysis couldn’t fully capture.
It carefully depicts your individuality through six elements.
Each letter H, E, X, A, C, O represents an important aspect of personality.

Let me introduce these six elements:

• H: Honesty-Humility
• E: Emotionality
• X: eXtraversion
• A: Agreeableness
• C: Conscientiousness
• O: Openness

The characteristics about yourself that you’ve felt “I kind of understand but can’t put into words well” will become clear with this model.
Particularly, the addition of the “Honesty-Humility” element makes behavioral patterns in relationships more vivid.
You’ll experience a sensation like bringing a blurry photo into focus.
This should make the complete picture of your personality emerge clearly.

What is HEXACO? Overview, Genetics, Diagnosis & MBTI Relations

64 Classifications by HEXACO

It classifies into 64 types based on high/low for each of the 6 elements. Specifically, they are as follows.

• H: Honesty-Humility
  • High → Light (L: Light)
  • Low → Dark (D: Dark)
• E: Emotionality
  • High → Turbulent (T: Turbulence)
  • Low → Assertive (A: Assertiveness)
• X: eXtraversion
  • High → Extroverted (E: Extrovert)
  • Low → Introverted (I: Introvert)
• A: Agreeableness
  • High → Feeling (F: Feeling)
  • Low → Thinking (T: Thinking)
• C: Conscientiousness
  • High → (J: Judging)
  • Low → (P: Prospecting)
• O: Openness
  • High → Intuitive (N: iNtuitive)
  • Low → Sensing (S: Sensor)

These are connected together to express types like in 16personalities. Now let’s introduce the various types!

What is ESTJ-A (Executive・Assertive)?

ESTJ-A is a type with high extraversion (E), low openness (S), low agreeableness (T), high conscientiousness (J), and low neuroticism (A) in the Big Five.

• Strong organizational skills and leadership
• Logical and practical problem-solving abilities
• High sense of responsibility and efficiency
• Confident decision-making
• Emphasis on tradition and order

They excel at setting clear goals and achieving them efficiently. They make judgments based on facts and experience, and value rules and procedures.

In interpersonal relationships, they prefer direct communication and clearly convey expectations. While cautious about change, they adapt quickly once they understand its necessity. They have high stress tolerance and can demonstrate calm leadership even in difficult situations.

ESTJ-A Scientific Analysis Based on 20+ Research Papers

Characteristics of ESTJ-AD

Characteristic ① “Hard worker for the organization, but sometimes self-prioritizing”

You likely have an attitude of working hard for your company or organization.
At the same time, you probably harbor feelings of “wanting to value your own interests as well.”
This is not a bad thing at all.
Rather, it’s a realistic and wise judgment.
Having this characteristic, you tend to have the following traits:

• Can make flexible judgments while respecting organizational discipline
• Balance strong sense of responsibility with practicality
• Pursue efficiency while being conscious of personal achievements

For example, in team projects, while wishing for overall success, you might think “How will I be evaluated?”
This is a natural human emotion.
Your decision-making ability and execution skills may be honed precisely because of this realistic perspective.
However, you might sometimes appear “calculating” to others.
When this happens, it’s just that your sincere efforts are being misunderstood.

Both your contribution to the organization and your awareness of personal growth are actually great strengths.

Characteristic ② “Realist focused on achieving results”

Are you the type who thinks “Let’s focus on results first, rather than ideals”?
When beautiful principles are discussed in meetings, you might wonder “What will actually change from this?”
This realistic perspective is your greatest weapon.
You have the following behavioral patterns:

• Set specific and measurable goals
• Plan with emphasis on efficient procedures
• Executive ability to start with “what can be done right now”

For example, when a new project begins, you immediately think of detailed schedules and role assignments.
The question “Who does what by when?” should come to mind.
This organizational ability is also why many people rely on you.
However, consideration for emotional aspects might sometimes take a backseat.
Even when team members feel they “want to discuss a bit more,” you want to move to action quickly.

Your practical approach is the driving force that produces many achievements.

Characteristic ③ “Flexibility to use any means necessary for goal achievement”

Do you ever feel “Rules are important, but they’re meaningless if they don’t produce results”?
You’re someone who can respond flexibly to situations while respecting organizational rules.
This adaptability can be considered a valuable ability in today’s rapidly changing society.
Your actions show the following characteristics:

• Seek optimal methods for goal achievement
• Can adjust judgment criteria according to situations
• Have creativity to find practical solutions

For example, even when project budgets are cut, you quickly think of alternatives.
You can make judgments like “Let’s do this part in-house instead of outsourcing” or “Simplifying this won’t affect quality.”
This problem-solving ability should have helped you overcome many difficult situations.
However, you might sometimes be seen as “inconsistent” by others.
But this is evidence that you’re making comprehensive situational judgments.

Your flexible thinking and execution ability serve as a force that saves organizations in many situations.

Strengths and Weaknesses of ESTJ-AD

Strengths of ESTJ-AD

Have you ever thought about why people around you rely on you?
It’s because of your overwhelming execution ability and realistic judgment.
Your confidence that “things will work out somehow” even in difficult situations likely serves as emotional support for many people.
Your excellent qualities include the following:

• Leadership that can handle crisis situations calmly
• Strong will to see things through once you decide to “do it”
• Ability to organize complex problems and find solutions

For example, even in chaotic team meetings, you can suggest “Let’s first organize our priorities.”
And you actually create well-ordered plans that everyone can accept.
Your sense of responsibility to keep promises is also a great charm.
This reliability likely gives you many opportunities to be assigned important projects.
Your logical thinking brings calm judgment to situations that tend to become emotional.

These powerful qualities make you a trustworthy leader.

Weaknesses of ESTJ-AD

Do you sometimes feel “Why can’t everyone understand such simple things”?
Solutions that seem obvious to you may appear different to other people.
This gap in perception can sometimes cause misunderstandings in human relationships.
Tendencies you should be careful about include the following:

• Tendency to believe too strongly that one’s own thoughts are correct
• Aspect of disregarding emotions due to overemphasis on efficiency
• Possibility of insufficient consideration for means due to focus on results

For example, when a subordinate is in trouble, you quickly provide a solution.
However, what they might be seeking is not an answer, but someone to listen to them.
Also, you might immediately judge new ideas by saying “But the risk is high.”
While this cautiousness is also a strength, it can sometimes nip innovation in the bud.
Furthermore, you might focus too much on short-term results and overlook long-term relationships.

By understanding these tendencies, more effective communication becomes possible.

ESTJ-AD’s Romantic Relationship Tendencies and Improvement Strategies

ESTJ-AD’s Romantic Tendencies

Even in romance, don’t you seek partners with whom you feel “I can see a future with this person”?
You probably want to build serious and constructive relationships rather than casual romance.
You want to concretely envision a future with your partner and walk toward it together.
Your romantic relationships tend to show the following characteristics:

• Emphasizing concrete future plans such as marriage or cohabitation
• Preferring stable relationships with clearly defined mutual roles
• Trying to show affection through actions rather than words

For example, you might naturally bring up topics like “When would you like to get married?” after dating for a few months.
This isn’t because you’re rushing, but because you’re thinking seriously about your partner.
Also, for anniversaries, you tend to choose practical, long-lasting gifts rather than surprises.
Your expression of love takes the form of helping with housework or lightening your partner’s burden rather than saying “I love you.”
While you’re not skilled at emotional expression, your devotion to your partner is stronger than most.

Your stability-oriented romantic style serves as the foundation for building long-term happiness.

Ideal Partner Personality: 3 Traits for Lasting Love

When Problems Arise in Romance and Improvement Strategies

Have you ever been puzzled thinking “Why is my partner getting emotional over something like this?”
Even in situations that seem logical and clear to you, your partner may be experiencing completely different emotions.
This emotional disconnect often becomes the biggest challenge in romantic relationships.
To improve such problems, try the following approaches:

• Listen to your partner’s story to the end before proposing solutions
• Ask emotion-focused questions like “How are you feeling today?”
• Create situations where you prioritize your partner’s pace over efficiency

For example, when your partner is complaining about work, instead of immediately suggesting “you should do this,” first show empathy by saying “that must have been tough.”
Also, for date plans, instead of “let’s efficiently visit various places,” try suggesting “shall we walk slowly while talking?”
Time that seems “wasteful” in romance is actually important investment in deepening the relationship.
Furthermore, develop the habit of asking “what do you think?” instead of imposing your ideas on your partner.
An attitude of understanding and respecting your partner’s values will enrich the relationship.

By learning to consider emotional aspects, you’ll be able to build deeper bonds.

MBTI & Love: All 16 Types’ Romantic Traits Explained

ESTJ-AD’s Friendship Tendencies and Improvement Strategies

Friendship Tendencies

Aren’t you the type who can’t settle down unless you properly decide “what time and where to meet” for plans with friends?
For you, building trustworthy bonds is most important in friendships as well.
You probably seek friendships where you can hold each other accountable rather than ambiguous relationships.
Your friendships tend to show the following characteristics:

• Enjoying activities involving action together, such as sports and outdoor activities
• Naturally taking on the role of organizer for parties and events
• Responding to friends’ consultations with concrete advice

For example, when travel talk comes up in your friend group, you might naturally start coordinating budgets and schedules.
You take the initiative in making plans out of a desire to “create fun memories with everyone.”
Also, when a friend confides their troubles to you, you earnestly think of solutions together with them.
You try to support your friends with realistic approaches rather than emotional arguments.
Due to this dependable personality, many people probably see you as a trustworthy friend.

Your execution ability and sense of responsibility serve as the central support in friendships.

How Personality Type Shapes Friendship Quality & Formation

When Problems Arise in Friendships and Improvement Strategies

“Why is everyone so indecisive?” Do you ever feel frustrated with your friends like this?
Your quick decision-making and initiative are wonderful strengths, but they can sometimes create a gap in understanding between you and your friends.
In particular, friction may arise with friends who want to think things through carefully or those who value emotions.
To improve such situations, try being mindful of the following points:

• Make an effort to acknowledge each friend’s individuality and values
• Create situations where you prioritize “fun times” over “correct answers”
• Listen thoroughly to others’ thoughts before expressing your own opinions

For example, when a friend is wondering “Which restaurant should we choose?”, instead of immediately deciding “This one is good,” try asking “What are you in the mood for?”
Also, even if your friend’s values differ from yours, it’s important to have an accepting attitude of “That’s another way of thinking about it.”
Sometimes, try enjoying the process of everyone chatting together rather than focusing on efficiency.
Furthermore, try to be restrained with critical words and focus on your friends’ good points.
By offering words that empathize with others’ emotions, you can nurture deeper friendships.

Open-mindedness that accepts diversity is the key to enriching your friendships.

MBTI & Friendship: 16 Types’ Tendencies & Tips

ESTJ-AD Parenting Tendencies and Improvement Strategies

Parenting Tendencies

Don’t you feel especially strongly that “I want this child to become a responsible adult”?
You think seriously about your child’s future and try to help them develop the necessary skills for it.
Rather than spoiling them, you focus on creating an environment where your child can become independent.
Your parenting tends to have the following characteristics:

• Value basic life habits like “early to bed, early to rise” and “always do homework”
• Set concrete goals for your child’s grades and improvement in extracurricular activities
• Actively create opportunities for them to learn helpfulness and responsibility

For example, when your child enters elementary school, you might establish the habit of having them organize their own school schedule.
You’ll try to teach the value of “taking care of yourself” in various daily situations.
Also, when your child is struggling, rather than helping immediately, you give them opportunities to think by asking “What do you think you should do?”
Even with extracurricular activities and sports, you demonstrate the attitude that “effort will always produce results” and support your child’s efforts.
Through this consistent approach, your child should steadily develop independence and responsibility.

Your love for your child manifests as building a solid foundation for their life.

Ideal Parent Personality Traits: What 30 Studies Reveal

When Parenting Becomes Problematic and Improvement Strategies

When your child is crying, do you find yourself about to say “Crying won’t solve anything”?
Your logical and constructive approach is wonderful, but you may sometimes overlook your child’s emotional needs.
Especially when your child just wants to be pampered or wants someone to listen, you tend to immediately offer solutions.
As improvement strategies for such situations, try being mindful of the following:

• First accept your child’s feelings, then think about the next steps
• Praise not only results but also effort and process specifically
• Respect your child’s interests and individuality, giving choices without forcing them

For example, when your child is disappointed about a bad test score, before saying “Let’s do this next time,” try empathizing with their feelings by saying “That must have been frustrating.”
Also, when your child attempts something, regardless of the result, it’s important to evaluate their process by saying “You worked really hard.”
Regarding extracurricular activities too, try prioritizing what your child says they “want to try” over what you think “will be useful in the future.”
To foster a spirit of taking on challenges without fear of failure, respecting your child’s autonomy is important.
Sometimes value casual conversation time with your child over efficiency.

Understanding emotions and flexible responses are the keys to deepening your bond with your child.

MBTI & Parenting: All 16 Types’ Strengths & Pitfalls

ESTJ-AD Career Tendencies and Improvement Strategies

Career Tendencies

While thinking “I want to steadily advance in a stable company,” don’t you also have feelings of “I’d consider changing jobs if there’s an opportunity”?
You value long-term stability while also being sensitive to opportunities to enhance your own value.
You likely have a good balance of both loyalty to organizations and desire for personal growth.
Your career tendencies have the following characteristics:

• Aim for clear management positions like section chief or department head
• More interested in improving management abilities than specialized skills
• Evaluate salary and benefit improvements with specific numbers

For example, around the third year of employment, you might start thinking about “when you can become a supervisor.”
Also, you’ll actively work on efficiency improvements and suggest improvements in your work to gain higher evaluation from your superiors.
When considering job changes, you won’t be driven by emotional reasons, but will prioritize concrete benefits like “salary increase of XX thousand yen” or “hired as a management candidate.”
You constantly understand your position within the organization and take planned action toward the next step.
With this kind of strategic career development, you’ll likely steadily advance through promotions.

Your realistic and planned approach is a major factor in your career success.

Which Personality Traits Predict Career Success? 5 Key Findings

When Career Issues Arise and Improvement Strategies

Have you been increasingly feeling “Why can’t recent young employees handle such basic things?”
Your extensive experience and established methods are great strengths, but sometimes your understanding may not keep up with new generations or different working styles.
Particularly, you might feel confused by working styles that differ from conventional ones, such as remote work or flexible scheduling systems.
To overcome these challenges, try the following approaches:

• Create opportunities to actively learn new technologies and tools
• Listen to different generations’ values and working styles
• Challenge yourself with innovative approaches, not just conventional methods

For example, when a young employee suggests “there’s this tool,” try saying “teach me” instead of thinking “that sounds troublesome.”
Also, when a subordinate wants to work from home, instead of rejecting it outright, think together about how to make it effective.
It’s important to regularly set aside time to learn about industry trends and new management techniques.
Furthermore, when collaborating with members from diverse backgrounds, make efforts to deepen mutual understanding rather than imposing your own values.
By enhancing emotional intelligence, you’ll be able to demonstrate more effective leadership.

Flexibility and eagerness to learn are the keys to career development in a changing era.

MBTI & Career: Best Jobs for All 16 Personality Types

ESTJ-AD Work Tendencies and Improvement Strategies

Work Tendencies

Are you the type who checks today’s task list first thing in the morning and prioritizes before starting work?
For you, work is a place to steadily accumulate results toward clear goals.
You’ll perform better with tasks that have clear “achieve what by when” rather than vague instructions or ambiguous projects.
Your work style shows the following characteristics:

• Thoroughly manage schedules and track progress
• Prioritize “how to do it efficiently” over “why do it”
• Always meet deadlines and maintain quality above a certain level

For example, when a new project begins, you’ll first grasp the overall picture and create a detailed schedule.
You’re good at making concrete plans like “this task requires X days” and “this part should be delegated to Mr./Ms. △.”
You also constantly monitor team members’ progress and provide early support when delays seem likely.
In meetings, you make many practical suggestions and encourage action-oriented discussions by asking “So, specifically, what will we do?”
Your organized and responsible work style likely earns strong trust from your superiors.

Your planning ability and execution power contribute greatly to improving the entire team’s productivity.

5 Personality Traits of High Performers: 550K Study

When Work Issues Arise and Improvement Strategies

Are you spending more time participating in meetings while thinking “What’s the purpose of this meeting?”
Your efficiency-focused attitude is wonderful, but sometimes differences in values with colleagues can cause friction.
Particularly in situations that emphasize creativity and idea generation, you might stop the flow of brainstorming by saying “Let’s first consider feasibility.”
To improve such situations, try being conscious of the following points:

• Practice the order of “listen first, then suggest”
• Give positive reactions like “that sounds interesting” to novel ideas
• Sometimes prioritize team atmosphere over efficiency

For example, when a colleague proposes an outlandish idea, instead of immediately saying “that’s not realistic,” try asking “What kind of effect are you expecting from this?”
Also, when a subordinate is taking time with a task, instead of thinking “they should be able to do this faster,” first ask “Is there anything you’re having trouble with?”
In meetings too, it’s important to show consideration for others by asking “Is there anyone else with opinions?” instead of rushing to conclusions.
Furthermore, you need the flexibility to acknowledge that intuitive judgment and emotional factors can sometimes be important decision-making materials.
Accepting diverse values creates richer ideas and teamwork.

An open attitude and consideration for emotional aspects are the keys to smooth interpersonal relationships in the workplace.

MBTI & Work: All 16 Types’ Strengths, Pitfalls & Fixes

Compatible Types for ESTJ-AD

Compatible Types with S (Sensing)

Have you noticed that people with whom you feel “communication is quick and easy” share certain common traits?
Those who are most compatible with you are people who include S (Sensing) in their type.
Like you, they value realistic and concrete ways of thinking about things.
You tend to build particularly good relationships with the following types of people:

• ISTJ (supports you as a quiet and reliable executor)
• ISFJ (maintains team harmony with careful consideration)
• ESTP (has action-oriented drive and executes immediately)

For example, when you suggest “Let’s compile this material by next week,” S-type people will respond concretely with “Understood. Which part should I handle?”
Rather than spending time on abstract discussions, you can align on a practical approach of “what to tackle first.”
Additionally, because they make judgments based on past experience and proven results, they respect your “proven methods.”
These shared values allow projects to proceed smoothly and reduce mutual stress.
In teamwork, you can build cooperative relationships with clear role divisions and high efficiency.

Relationships with those who share realistic thinking can bring out each other’s strengths.

Do Friends Share Personality Traits? 5 Key Findings

Compatible Types with D (Dark)

Don’t you sometimes relate to the attitude of “This person doesn’t fear some risk if it means achieving results”?
You can connect with people who include D (Dark) in their type through your shared strong will to achieve goals.
They also prioritize realistic results over idealistic theories and sometimes demonstrate flexibility that isn’t bound by conventional methods.
Common points with these types of people include the following:

• Alignment on the value that “results are everything”
• An attitude that prioritizes efficiency and practical benefits above all
• Relationships where you can discuss honestly rather than just maintaining appearances

For example, when faced with a difficult project where “conventional methods won’t meet the deadline,” D-type people will think of alternative solutions together with you.
You can mutually understand judgments like “The rules say this, but this method will definitely produce better results.”
Additionally, you share a common recognition of being able to calmly determine “what’s truly important” without being misled by organizational pretenses or platitudes.
This realistic approach can make it possible to achieve significant results in a short time.
However, in this type of relationship, it may be necessary to occasionally pause and consider ethical judgments.

Relationships where you can share practical judgments become powerful allies in difficult situations.

MBTI Compatibility: Best Matches for All 16 Types

ESTJ-AD Summary

As you’ve read this far, were there parts where you felt “Yes, this is definitely about me”?
As someone living as an ESTJ-AD, you are a capable leader who is relied upon within organizations.
Your attitude of prioritizing efficiency and results, along with your strong sense of responsibility, must have produced many achievements.
Your characteristics can be summarized as follows:

• High reliability in keeping promises and meeting expectations
• Ability to organize complex problems and find actionable solutions
• Natural leadership that guides teams toward their goals

At the same time, you may have discovered areas for growth.
By deepening your consideration for emotional aspects and understanding of diverse values, you can become an even more attractive leader.
Having an open attitude toward new ideas and different opinions will also be important in the coming era.
By maintaining the mental flexibility that “it’s okay not to be perfect,” you should be able to build deeper relationships with those around you.
If you leverage your strengths while gradually developing your weaker areas, you can reach even greater heights both as an individual and as a team leader.

Cherishing your authenticity while also challenging new possibilities. This kind of balanced growth is the key to bringing out the true appeal of ESTJ-AD.

FAQや注意点

HAXACOの結果と、16personalities（通称MBTI診断）やMBTI（本家）と結果が変わる

1. 性格は遺伝と環境の影響を受けるため、環境が変われば回答も変わります（例、疲れてると情動性が変化するなど）。遺伝について詳しくはこちら。
2. 年齢次第で回答のブレがあります。詳しくはこちら。
3. タイプ分類は各数値が3以上、3未満で行っているため、3に近い値だと、質問の聞き方やその時の環境次第で結果が変わりやすくなります。タイプよりも数値を見てください。
4. MBTI（本家）や16personalities（通称MBTI診断）は質問設計の段階でどの程度統計的な処理をしているか論文が見当たらないため不明確です。一方で、ビッグファイブやHEXACOはそういった論文が簡単に見つかりますし、今回のHEXACO-JP診断は論文ベースです。
5. MBTIや16personalitiesは普段の行動（学力・年収など）や、脳・遺伝などとの比較した研究論文があまり多くない一方で、ビッグファイブやHEXACOは数多く存在します。
6. そもそもHEXACOはビッグファイブの要素の変形なので似て非なるものです。HEXACOの正直・謙虚さは、ビッグファイブの協調性と神経症傾向から抽出されています。下記「補足」参考。

その他にもご質問があれば運営者のトキワ（@etokiwa999）までご連絡ください。

性格診断の結果はあくまで人生の「ヒント」まで

先にも書きましたが、性格は遺伝と環境の影響を受けます。遺伝の影響で、ブレ幅は一定ですが、環境次第である程度答えがブレます。

またビッグファイブやHEXACOの研究論文では学力や年収などと相関分析をしていますが、自然科学の実験ほど大きな相関係数ではありません。相関係数は最小-1、最大1ですが、だいたい-0.4～0.4ほどが多いです。もちろん高いものもあります。0.8や0.9ではなく、それに比べたら低いです。

ただそれでも様々な研究はありますので、「占い以上、自然科学未満」と思ってください。心理学や占いを100％否定しているわけではありません。

補足

16personalities（通称MBTI診断）の概要

16personalities（16タイプ性格診断）は、MBTI（Myers-Briggs Type Indicator）とビッグファイブをベースにして作られています。

厳密には16personalitiesとMBTIは別物なのです。

MBTIは、ユングの心理学的類型論を基に開発された性格診断ツールです。

16personalitiesはMBTIの4つの指標（E外向-I内向、S感覚-N直観、T思考-F感情、J判断-P知覚）を採用しつつ、アイデンティティ（AとT）という指標の追加、独自の質問項目・評価基準を設けています。

この性格診断の良いところとしては、韓国アイドルが広めたり、恋愛マッチングアプリでも使われたりするなど、とても有名で、回答数がとても多いことにあります。それを利用して分析して論文として公開すれば信頼性は高いかもしれません。

ただし、悪いところとしては、科学的な裏付けが弱いところがあります。査読付き論文の数が少ない、統計処理の方法が不明確、性格と学力・収入・脳機能・遺伝的要因などとの関連性について十分な根拠が提示されていない、などが理由です。

16personalitiesとは？科学的根拠やMBTIとの違いを解説

MBTI（本家）の概要

MBTIは性格を16タイプに分類する心理学の理論です。

そもそもMBTIとは、マイヤーズ・ブリッグス・タイプ・インジケーター（Myers-Briggs Type Indicator）の略称です。

MBTIでは、以下の4つの指標を組み合わせて性格を16タイプに分類します。

• 外向性（Extraversion）か内向性（Introversion）
• 感覚（Sensing）か直観（iNtuition）
• 思考（Thinking）か感情（Feeling）
• 判断（Judging）か知覚（Perceiving）

つまり、MBTIでは自分の性格傾向を「ISTJ」や「ENFP」などの4文字で表現するのです。

16personalitiesよりは論文は存在しますが、ビッグファイブやHEXACOほど頑健な研究結果が出ているわけではありません。

MBTIとは？16タイプ性格紹介(恋愛や仕事)・科学的根拠を解説

ビッグファイブの概要

性格心理学において最も有力な特性理論の一つが「ビッグファイブ（Big Five）」です。

ビッグファイブは、開放性、誠実性、外向性、協調性、神経症傾向の5つの特性を測定します。

また、16personalitiesやMBTIはタイプ分類（例、外向的か内向的かのどちらか）を用いるのに対して、ビッグファイブが特性を連続的な数値で評価する（例、外向性3.5）点も大きな違いです。

さらに、古くから研究されており、論文数も多く、学力や所得、脳や遺伝など、他の分野でも多くの研究が行われています。ビッグファイブの方が比較的、科学的な裏付けが強いと言えます。

ビッグファイブ(Big Five)診断とは？概要・遺伝・MBTIとの関連

MBTI・ビッグファイブ・HEXACOの相関関係

MBTIの4指標とビッグファイブの5因子には相関関係があります。

この相関を示した代表的な研究に、「The relationship between the revised NEO-Personality Inventory and the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator」という論文があります。

また、MBTI（本家）とビッグファイブを参考にして作られた16personalities（通称MBTI診断）では、ビッグファイブの神経症傾向が「アイデンティティ」と呼ばれており、自信（Assertive）か、慎重（Turbulent）かで分類されています。

これらの関係をまとめたのが以下の図です。

一番右には、比較的新しい性格診断である「HEXACO（ヘキサコ）」があります。ビッグファイブに1つ指標「正直・謙虚さ」を加えて改良され、ダーク特性（倫理観）が分かるようになりました。

今回のHEXACO-JP性格診断では16personalitiesの5文字に加えて、ダークD/ライトLを付けてより詳細に分析できるようにしています。